Documents and Publications

This report assesses contractual congestion in EU gas markets, covering 2024 and 2025. ACER finds that contractual congestion eased, pointing to a new equilibrium in the EU gas market following the 2022 market crisis.
 

In summer 2024, Southeast Europe experienced a sustained period of electricity price spikes. This report analyses the main drivers behind it and lays out measures to increase cross-zonal capacity and system flexibility in the region to mitigate their reoccurrence in the future.

This policy paper explores how Europe could improve the way costs and benefits of cross-border electricity infrastructure projects are shared.

This ACER LNG report reviews key market trends in 2025 and the implications for Europe’s energy security, including the risks linked to tensions in the Middle East.

This report analyses the preparedness of persons professionally arranging transactions (PPATs) to detect and report suspicious behaviour. PPATs are trading intermediaries such as energy exchanges, organised market places (OMPs) or brokers, who arrange or facilitate transactions in wholesale energy products.

This report focuses on national regulatory authorities’ (NRAs’) analysis of suspicious transaction and order reports (STORs) submitted by PPATs, their enforcement actions and penalties.

This report provides an overview of European gas wholesale markets trends during the winter season, covering the period from October 2025 to March 2026. It also explores the evolving impact of the Middle East conflict on European gas markets.

ACER report on distribution system operator investments and revenue setting (2026) finds a major upscaling in electricity distribution grid investment trends across Europe and proposes 10 recommendations to optimise the ramp-up.