The annual ACER Market Monitoring Report (MMR) presents the main results of monitoring the European internal electricity markets and recommends further actions to foster their integration.

In 2023, ACER will publish a series of topical overviews of the energy market situation, covering the year 2022. The Wholesale Electricity Market Monitoring 2022 – Key Developments published today is the first of these publications.  

What were the main wholesale electricity trends in 2022?

• The energy crisis combined with a mild winter led to a decrease in electricity consumption, especially during the last quarter of 2022. Demand reduction resulted in lower power generation.
• Although electricity production from renewables remained almost constant, emissions increased due to the rise in coal and gas power generation, and low nuclear production.
• Installed capacity of renewables reached a new record in 2022, while coal-installed capacity decreased. However, the use of coal-fired power plants significantly increased since 2020. See the ACER’s interactive dashboard for the evolution of generation from renewable energy sources compared to fossil fuels (by selecting the years 2020 and 2022).
• A sharp increase in day-ahead prices. The post pandemic economic recovery and Russia's invasion of Ukraine dramatically affected gas prices, which led to an increase in electricity prices across the EU.
• Forward markets also reached high price levels in 2022, especially for products for delivery in autumn and winter months.
• Negative day-ahead electricity prices reached pre-2019 levels. This seems to be correlated with demand reduction, as 50% of the negative prices were observed during the last quarter of 2022 and 20% in December alone.

ACER shall adopt a recommendation for identifying good practices for the treatment of investment requests for projects of common interest (PCIs), as tasked by the (2022) Regulation on guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure.

In light of revised Trans-European Networks for Energy (TEN-E) provisions, and building on the experience gained with latest cross-border cost allocation (CBCA) investment requests, ACER is updating its (2015) CBCA Recommendation.

As part of this process, ACER invites stakeholders to submit their views on the existing CBCA Recommendation, including:

• Scope of ACER CBCA Recommendation;
• Role of scenarios and of cost-benefit analysis in the cross-border cost allocation;
• The allocation and compensation mechanism; and
• Cross-border cost allocation for offshore projects.

The public consultation will run from 23 February until 31 March 2023.

What are the next steps? 

ACER will evaluate the received feedback and take it into consideration when drafting the document.

The updated CBCA Recommendation shall be adopted by 24 June 2023.

Access the public consultation.

ACER publishes today its report on Italy’s proposed gas transmission tariffs. ACER assessed the proposed methodology to calculate the gas transmission tariffs, including:

• The distance cost driver that is used to calculate tariffs in the Italian network;
• The discounts proposed for the exit point to Malta; and
• The proposed application of tariffs for the region of Sardinia.

What are ACER’s main findings?

Whilst acknowledging that the public consultation of the Italian National Regulatory Authority, ARERA, is very well documented and very informative, ACER recommends that ARERA improves:

• The proposed commodity-based tariffs; and
• The proposed approach to setting tariffs in the region of Sardinia.

Access the report on the Italian gas tariffs.

Access all ACER reports on national tariff consultation documents.

The national regulatory authorities (NRAs) of the Nordic Capacity Calculation Region requested from ACER an extension of six months to agree on the Nordic Transmission System Operators’ (TSOs’) proposed amendment to the market-based cross-zonal capacity allocation methodology.

The Nordic Capacity Calculation Region comprises the following 3 countries: Denmark, Finland and Sweden.

What is the market-based allocation process?

The market-based allocation process compares the market value of cross-zonal capacity for the electricity balancing capacity market with the forecasted market value for the day-ahead electricity market. It then allocates the capacity to the market that generates the most welfare by using the cross-zonal capacity, which:

• allows the integration of balancing capacity markets;
• creates welfare;
• lowers the costs for the procurement of balancing capacity;
• lowers the costs for tariff payers; and
• ensures security of supply.

What are the next steps?

ACER intends to decide promptly on this request from the Nordic NRAs.

Access the Public Notice.

The European Commission held a public consultation on the reform of the EU’s electricity market design from 23 January 2023 to 13 February 2023.

ACER and the Council of European Energy Regulators (CEER) in their joint response welcome the European Commission’s attention to long-term markets as the key enabler for investment stability and affordability for consumers.

The ACER-CEER response to the Commission’s consultation comprises their replies to the questions asked by the Commission in its consultation as well as additions to the replies in the Annex (also submitted to the Commission as part of our consultation response). In the Annex, ACER and CEER delve deeper into elements that are subject to consultation:

1. contracts for differences; and
2. obligations on suppliers to offer fixed-price contracts to household consumers.

In addition, the Annex highlights several important aspects of the electricity market design framework that were not addressed by the Commission in its consultation, yet in our opinion, have a significant impact on electricity market functioning:

3. The adequacy of minimum cross-zonal electricity capacity requirements;
4. The importance of the integrated intraday and balancing market;
5. Continuous growth of implementation delays in key integration projects;
6. The adjustment mechanism for decrease of maximum clearing and bidding prices; and
7. Legal framework for offshore wind.

Read the ACER-CEER Response and Annex.

The transmission system operators (TSOs) submitted to ACER a proposal for the harmonised methodology for cross-zonal capacity allocation for the exchange of balancing capacity or sharing of reserves.

The allocation of cross-zonal capacity allows the integration of balancing capacity markets, creates welfare, lowers the costs for the procurement of balancing capacity, hence lowering costs for tariff payers, while ensuring security of supply.

The processes covered by the methodology (i.e. co-optimisation and market-based process) compare the market value of cross-zonal capacity for the balancing capacity market and for the day-ahead electricity market, and allocates the capacity to whichever of these markets generates the most welfare by using the cross-zonal capacity.

The methodology will provide harmonised rules and processes and will therefore replace the existing methodologies for co-optimisation and regional market-based processes.

How does ACER contribute?

ACER will assess the methodology proposed by the TSOs and revise it where necessary.

What are the next steps?

ACER has six months (until 16 June 2023) to decide on the TSOs’ proposal.

To collect the views of stakeholders, ACER’s public consultation on the TSOs’ proposal will be launched end of March for four weeks (provisionally foreseen from 30 March to 27 April).

An ACER workshop will take place on 19 April 2023.